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Schematic of integrated gasification combined cycle with oxycombustion CO2 capture

IGCC with Oxy-Combustion CO2 Capture

An integrated gasification combined cycle employs oxy-combustion technology. The gasification agent and the oxidizer for burning the fuel gas is oxygen which is produced by an air separation unit (ASU). Solid fuel with a lower heating value of 18080 kJ/lg is converted to syngas in the gasifier. The syngas composition is H2 (27%), CO (38%), CO2 (19%), H2O (16%). The syngas exiting the gasifier at 1073 K is cooled and desulphurized. The cleaned gas at 573 K is fed to the water gas shift (WGS) reactor where the carbon monoxide reacts with water supplied separately to yield additional hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The ASU consumes 200 kWh/ton to split air into oxygen and nitrogen at 298 K and 1 bar. The oxygen is then compressed to 15 bar within the oxygen compressor. It is then split between the gasifier and the combustor. The gaseous fuel leaving the WGS reactor is burned in the combustor yielding combustion products comprising CO2/H2O at 1323 K. The combustion products are expanded within the turbine down to 1 bar. The hot gases are then cooled in a heat exchanger to condense and separate the steam content of the turbine exhaust. The cool carbon dioxide leaving the heat exchanger (state 9) is pressurized using the CO2 compressor to the combustion pressure. A portion of the compressed CO2 flow is sent to storage and the rest is recycled and heated within the heat exchanger before it is fed to the combustor. The rate at which the solid fuel is supplied to the gasifier is 0.5 kg/s. The oxygen flowrate required for the gasification process is 0.3 Nm^3/s. The isentropic efficiencies of the compressors and turbine are 0.85 and 0.9, respectively. The temperature difference at the hot side of the heat exchanger is 30K. Determine the thermal efficiency of the cycle.

Oxygen Compressor

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Gasifier

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WGS Reactor

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Combustor

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Gas Turbine

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CO2 Compressor

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Net Power and Thermal Efficiency

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This efficiency is low. It could be improved, for instance, by decreasing the hot-side temperature difference from 30 K to 10 K and increasing the combustor outlet temperature, e.g., 1623 K. With these modifications, the cycle efficiency would increase to 23%.

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